Modernization of a thermal desorption spectroscopy setup for high-sensitivity analysis of hydrogen and helium isotopes

Timur Kulsartov; Assyl Akhanov; Saulet Askerbekov; Asset Shaimerdenov; Yevgen Chikhray; Zhanar Bugybay

doi:10.31489/2026N3/94-102

Authors

Timur Kulsartov Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Assyl Akhanov Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Saulet Askerbekov PhD, Associate Professor, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Asset Shaimerdenov PhD, Associate Professor, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Yevgen Chikhray Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Zhanar Bugybay PhD student, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31489/2026N3/94-102

Keywords:

thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS), mass spectrometry, tritium-breeding materials, gas evolution mechanisms

Abstract

This paper presents the results of an engineering and technical development aimed at modernizing a thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) system to enhance the sensitivity of gas-phase mass spectrometry analysis. The measurement system was integrated with a high-sensitivity DLS-20 mass spectrometer operating in conjunction with an RGA-100 quadrupole residual gas analyzer. A vacuum circuit separation scheme utilizing an adjustable leak valve was implemented, providing precise gas flow control and ensuring the stable operation of the DLS-20 analyzer in the low-pressure regime. The relevance of this work stems from the investigation of processes and the determination of gas release mechanisms from tritium-breeding materials, where hydrogen isotopes (primarily as HT molecules) and helium are generated simultaneously. During mass spectrometry analysis, their signals overlap at the mass-to-charge ratio of m/z≈4, which complicates the interpretation of TDS experimental data. It is demonstrated that adjusting the opening degree of the mechanical leak valve allows for a more than 30-fold reduction in the gas flow entering the analyzer. The system was calibrated using helium-deuterium mixtures, revealing that the detection sensitivity for deuterium is approximately 2.7 times higher than that for helium. Reliable resolution of the helium, HT, and D2 peaks was achieved. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing the modernized setup for high-sensitivity investigations of tritium, hydrogen isotope, and helium release processes, as well as for improving the reliability of TDS spectra interpretation.

Author's detail

Timur Kulsartov, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Kulsartov, Timur – Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, SCOPUS Author ID: 8423886500, Web of Science ResearcherID: B-4888-2015, ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3890-8172, tima@physics.kz

Assyl Akhanov, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Akhanov, Assyl – Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan, SCOPUS Author ID; 57224822200, Web of Science ResearcherID: HWX-3320-2023, ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5704-1514, aakhanov@inp.kz

Saulet Askerbekov, PhD, Associate Professor, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Askerbekov, Saulet – PhD, Associate Professor, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan, SCOPUS Author ID: 57191892035, Web of Science ResearcherID: N-7501-2017, ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7204-4887, askerbekov@physics.kz

Asset Shaimerdenov, PhD, Associate Professor, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Shaimerdenov, Asset – PhD, Associate Professor, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan, SCOPUS Author ID: 56177879200, Web of Science ResearcherID: AAM-6960-2021, ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0304-2049, ashaimerdenov@inpkz

Yevgen Chikhray, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Chikhray, Yevgen – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, SCOPUS Author ID: 6506943153, Web of Science ResearcherID: A-7226-2012, ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6623-4596, chikhray@physics.kz

Zhanar Bugybay, PhD student, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Bugybay, Zhanar - PhD student, Institute of Nuclear Physics ARKAE, Almaty, Kazakhstan, SCOPUS Author ID: 57445836700, Web of Science ResearcherID: JRY-0700-2023, ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0195-7969, zh.bugybay@inp.kz

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Modernization of a thermal desorption spectroscopy setup for high-sensitivity analysis of hydrogen and helium isotopes